Njengamanje, imboni yezimboni yaseShayina ikhuthaza ngokuphelele ukulondolozwa kwamandla kanye nokuguqulwa kokunciphisa ikhabhoni. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-oxygen endaweni ukuze kuthathe indawo ye-oxygen ebhodleleni kanye ne-oxygen ewuketshezi kuye kwaba yinto edingekayo ekunciphiseni izindleko emafektri amakhulu, futhi inani lokufakwa kwemishini yokukhiqiza i-oxygen endaweni liye landa unyaka nonyaka. Kodwa-ke, kukhona inkinga enkulu embonini: izinkampani eziningi ziphishekela i-oxygen ehlanzekile kakhulu ngokungazi, zikhulisa ngokungadingekile izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini kanye nogesi; futhi kwezinye izimo zokusebenza, ukuhlanzeka kwe-oxygen akuhlangabezani nezindinganiso, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye namazinga aphezulu okukhubazeka komkhiqizo.
Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu komoya-mpilo akuhlali kungcono. Izinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza kanye nezimboni ezingezansi zinezindinganiso eziqinile zokufanisa ubumsulwa. Ngokuhlanganisa amazinga akamuva kazwelonke e-GB/T 3863-2025 Industrial Oxygen Specification kanye nemingcele yobuchwepheshe yemishini yokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo evamile, lesi sihloko sihlukanisa ngokuphelele amazinga amahlanu okuhlanzeka komoya-mpilo wezimboni, imishini yokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo ehambisanayo, kanye nezimo ezifanele kuzo zonke izimboni. Siphinde sisuse imibono eyiphutha evamile yokukhetha ukusiza amabhizinisi ezimboni nawezimayini ukukhetha imishini ngokunembile nokulawula ngokuqinile izindleko zegesi.
1. Ubumsulwa obuphansi (90% ~ 93%):Ifanele izimo zokusha ezicebile ngomoya-mpilo lapho izidingo zokugcwala komoya-mpilo zingekho phezulu. 1. I-oksijini yokuthuthukisa ukusha kuma-oksijini engilazi, kuma-oksijini ajikelezayo esimende, kanye nama-incinerator kadoti:** Lokhu kuhlose ukwandisa izinga lokushisa lomlilo nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ngaphandle kokudinga i-oksijini ehlanzekile kakhulu.
2. Ubumsulwa obuphakathi nendawo (93% ~ 95%):Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhuliseni i-oxygen emanzini, ekuhlinzeni amanzi amdaka, kanye nokusabela okuncane kwamakhemikhali okuxegayo. Lokhu kuhlanzeka kwanele ezinqubweni ze-aerobic zebhayoloji noma ezinqubweni ezijwayelekile zokuxegayo, okunikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kakhulu.
3. Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu (≥99.2% – 99.6%):Izinga elijwayelekile lezinga lokuqala lezimboni, elifanele ukushisela nokusika insimbi, ukwenza insimbi ngensimbi (njengokubhula i-oxygen converter), ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali (njengokubhula i-ethylene), kanye nezinye izinqubo ezidinga ukusabela okunamandla kwe-oxidation noma ezidinga ukuvikelwa ekungcoleni.
4. Ubumsulwa obuphezulu kakhulu (≥99.9%):Kusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwe-semiconductor, ekukhiqizweni kwe-preform ye-fiber optical, kuma-propellant e-aerospace, kanye namakhemikhali amahle akhethekile. Lezi zimo zizwela kakhulu ekungcoleni okufana nomswakama nama-hydrocarbon, okudinga ukuhlanzwa okujulile.
Izinyathelo Ezibalulekile Zokuqapha:
1. Vimbela ngokuqinile ukuxuba: I-oksijini yezimboni ingase ibe namanani amancane e-carbon monoxide, i-carbon dioxide, i-acetylene, kanye namafutha, kodwa akumelwe isetshenziswe ekuphefumuleni kwezokwelapha, kungenjalo izobangela ukucasuka kwamaphaphu, ubuthi, noma ngisho nokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu.
2. Inqubo inquma ubumsulwa: Ukuhlukaniswa komoya we-cryogenic kufinyelela kalula ubumsulwa obuphezulu (≥99.5%), i-pressure swing adsorption (PSA) ivame ukukhiqiza ubumsulwa obungu-90%-95%, kanti ukuhlukaniswa kwe-membrane kuhlanzekile obuphansi kakhulu (30%-50%). Ukukhetha kumele kuhambisane nezidingo ezimbili zobumsulwa kanye nomthamo wegesi wesimo esithile.
3. Umehluko Ojwayelekile: Izinga likazwelonke le-GB/T 3863 libeka ukuthi izinga le-oxygen yezimboni I kumele libe yi-≥99.5%, kanye nebanga lesibili libe yi-≥99.2%. Ezisetshenzisweni ezisebenzayo, uma inqubo ingenayo imikhawulo ekhethekile ekungcoleni, cishe u-93% wanele izidingo eziningi zokushiswa kanye nokufuywa kwezinhlanzi. Asikho isidingo sokuphishekela ubumsulwa obuphezulu ngokungacabangi ukuze wonge izindleko.
Imibono Emithathu Engafanele Yokukhetha Imboni Esetshenziswa Kaningi:
Umbono Oyiphutha 1: Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu komoya-mpilo kusho imiphumela engcono yokukhiqiza. Iqiniso: Ukwanda ngakunye komoya-mpilo okungu-1% kukhulisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla komshini wokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo. Umoya-mpilo ongu-93% wanele ezinqubweni ezivamile zokwakha, ukwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka, kanye namabhethri e-lithium. Ukukhetha ngokungacabangi umoya-mpilo ongu-99.5% ohlanzekile kakhulu kwandisa ngqo izindleko zikagesi ngaphezu kuka-30%.
Umbono Oyiphutha 2: Abakhiqizi be-oxygen basezimbonini bangathatha indawo ye-oxygen yezokwelapha. Iqiniso: Ngisho noma behlanzekile ngo-93%, abakhiqizi be-oxygen basezimbonini abanazo izisetshenziswa zokuhlanza igesi yezokwelapha kanye nokuhlunga futhi baqukethe ukungcola okufana nomswakama nothuli. Avinjelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi asetshenziswe ekuphefumuleni kwabantu. Laba bobabili banamathela ezindinganisweni zokuphepha ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Inganekwane 3: Zonke izimo ezisekela ukusha zidinga umoya-mpilo ohlanzekile kakhulu. Iqiniso: Kuma-oven nama-boiler avamile, ukucebisa umoya-mpilo ohlukaniswe ngolwelwesi olungama-25%-40% kwanele, okunikeza ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko okungcono kakhulu kunezinjini zomoya-mpilo zesivikelo sama-molecule. Ukukhetha imodeli efanele izidingo zakho ezithile kuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa izindleko.
Isifinyezo:Isimiso esiyinhloko sokukhetha amajeneretha e-oxygen ezimbonini yilesi: afanele izimo zokusebenza, hhayi ukuthi ubumsulwa buphakeme kangakanani. Ukuze uthole ukwesekwa okuyisisekelo kokusha, ukucebisa umoya-mpilo ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-membrane kufanelekile; ekukhiqizweni okuvamile kwezimboni, kunconywa amajeneretha e-oxygen e-PSA ajwayelekile angu-93%; izinqubo zokunemba eziphezulu kuphela ezidinga umoya-mpilo ohlanzekile kakhulu ongu-99.5% noma ngaphezulu. Ngaphambi kokuthenga amajeneretha e-oxygen, izinkampani kumele zichaze ngokucacile izidingo zazo zobumsulwa begesi kanye nezinga lokugeleza ukuze zifeze ngempela kokubili ukukhiqizwa okuphephile kanye nokonga amandla.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-23-2026
